![]() ![]() ![]() The second vertebra (axis) allows the head to rotate laterally to the left and the right. The first cervical vertebra (atlas) supports and balances the head. The 7 cervical vertebrae form the bones of the neck that support the skull and organs of the head. They form a bridge connecting the eardrum to the inner ear and function to transmit vibrations between these parts. The auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) of each ear are also bones in the head separate from the skull. It anchors muscles of the tongue and throat and holds open the larynx of the respiratory tract. The hyoid is closely associated with the skull but is a “floating bone” that does not form a joint with any other bone. The upper portions of the digestive and respiratory tracts are also housed within the hollow oral and nasal cavities of the skull.Īnother important bone of the head and neck is the hyoid bone. Teeth are rooted into deep sockets in the mandible and maxillary bones. The skull encases and protects the brain as well as the special sense organs of vision, hearing, balance, taste and smell.Īttachment points for the muscles of the head and neck are located on the exterior surfaces of the skull and allow for important movement like chewing, speech, and facial expressions. The skull consists of 22 cranial and facial bones, which, with the exception of the mandible, are tightly fused together. Movements of these bones by the attached muscles of the head provide for facial expressions, eating, speech, and head movement. It does not store any personal data.The bones of the head and neck play the vital role of supporting the brain, sensory organs, nerves, and blood vessels of the head and protecting these structures from mechanical damage. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". ![]() These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The other twelve bones are in pairs, which gives the face its symmetry. The mandible (jawbone) and vomer are the only bones in the face which are unpaired. A large oval hole called the foramen magum allows the spinal cord to pass up into the skull. The Occipital bone forms the back of the skull and the base of the cranium. The Sphenoid bone has contact with all the other cranial bones. There are 2 Sphenoid bones, each situated behind the eyes at the base of the skull in front of the Temporals. The name derives from the Greek ethnos meaning sieve and divides the nasal cavity from the brain. The Ethmoid bone differs from the other bones in the cranium in that it is a spongy bone as opposed to a hard bone. The temporal bones are crucial in the anatomy of the ear. There are two Temporal bones in the cranium, each supporting part of the face known as the temple. There are two parietal bones which are roughly the shape of a curved rectangle. The Parietal bones form the largest part of the top and sides of the cranium. The front of the top of the head roughly covers the frontal lobes of the brain. It comprises the forehead (squama frontalis) and the upper orbit of the eye (pars orbitalis). The Frontal bone is one of the major cranial bones. The following make up the Cranium: Frontal bone The anatomy of the skull comprises the Cranium and Facial bones. ![]()
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